学生评教在高等教育管理中的价值回归

学生评教是提高高校教育教学管理质量的有效监督手段,通过学生评教促进教师教学、科研能力的全面提升。从立德树人、教学相长、尊师重教、回归教学本真四个方面发挥学生评教功能。     

基于狄利克雷过程混合模型的城市活动聚类方法研究

手机信令数据不仅记录个体出行轨迹，也为分析城市活动空间分布特征提供了基础.本文提出一种基于狄利克雷混合模型的城市活动特征聚类方法，以手机信令提取居民出行OD为基础，将每个基站的到发出行量作为表征该基站所处空间位置的活动特征，研究特征的聚类方法.引入狄利克雷分布作为先验分布，由中餐馆模型推定特征聚类数量.与其他聚类方法相比，该方法最大的优点在于无需事先指定聚类数量，避免了传统聚类方法的缺陷.将本文方法应用到三亚市城市活动特征聚类当中，结果能够有效地反应不同城市功能组团的活动特征.     

Artificial forces for virtual autonomous ships with encountering situations in restricted waters

ABSTRACT

Even if the same two ships operate in the same encountering situation, the actual strategies and timing of operations may be different. Therefore, the fixed collision avoidance trajectory and ship movements are no longer suitable for simulating the real ship behaviour. This paper tries to develop an artificial intelligent system that fully sensitive to the local circumstances and command a ship in virtual environment. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, this study has developed artificial forces which help decision makings on-board independently under different situations and catching the stochastic nature of ship behaviours during collision avoidances manoeuvring. Actual ship tracks are helpful for ascertaining the parameters that contribute to artificial forces in collision avoidances, while the correlation coefficient analysis is helpful to distinguish the parameters. This study will help to develop a navigation traffic simulation to reflect the realistic ship behaviour and provide reliable information for port and waterway planning, risk analysis, and mitigation measures. The method can be used in developing algorithms for autonomous ships. The method introduced in this study lays a foundation for developing artificial forces at intersections or bends, although the model is only applicable in straight channels at the moment.     

考虑收益管理的高铁平行车次动态差别定价

基于RP(Revealed Preference)和SP(Stated Preference)调查数据，利用潜在类别模型对高铁旅客进行细分，得到旅客对平行车次不同服务属性，如列车运行时间、发车时段和舒适度的偏好程度，并对其进行量化；引入收益管理，以多列车整体收益最大为目标，构建平行车次动态差别定价模型，并设计模拟退火算法进行求解；最后，通过京沪高铁进行实例验证.结果表明：与固定票价进行客票销售相比，所提方案能够适应高峰期和平峰期不同客流特点，提高铁路客票总收益，为高铁平行车次灵活定价提供参考.     

考虑游览船运营特征的航道通过能力评价方法

为构建客货船舶协同动态运行控制技术体系，以经典航道通过能力模型为基础，构建基于游览船运营特征(发船高峰性和航线集中度)的航道通过能力模型.根据黄浦江游览核心区船舶自动识别系统(AIS)数据，对所提出的航道通过能力模型进行实证分析.研究结果表明，本文航道通过能力模型能够较为准确地评价研究区域的实际航道通过能力.游览船发船高峰时期与现有航线规划条件下，黄浦江游览核心区航道通过能力(76艘/h)趋近饱和状态；当过境船到达超过69艘/h时，建议海事相关部门采取“错峰”航行等相关政策.     

构建铁路数据通信网骨干网的网络安全管理中心

针对当前铁路通信网络面临的安全问题,提出铁路数据通信网骨干网的网络安全管理中心的构建方案,通过被动、主动的防御手段,力争构建一个完整的、动态的网络安全管理中心,将铁路通信网络调整到最安全和风险最低的状态,持续地保证铁路通信各系统的网络安全。     

BIM协同平台在水运工程施工管理中的应用

以广州南沙国际邮轮码头项目为依托,搭建BIM协同管理平台,对平台进行二次开发,建立项目层级数据库,并在施工过程中进行应用。结果表明,BIM协同管理平台在生产进度管理、质量安全管理、资料管理等方面为项目管理提供了良好的支撑作用,简化了项目部工作管理流程,减少了工作量,提高项目部的管理效率和工程的施工质量。     

Using GPS-data to determine optimum electric vehicle ranges: A Michigan case study

Fuel-switching personal transportation from gasoline to electricity offers many advantages, including lower noise, zero local air pollution, and petroleum-independence. But alleviations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are more nuanced, due to many factors, including the car’s battery range. We use GPS-based trip data to determine use type-specific, GHG-optimized ranges. The dataset comprises 412 cars and 384,869 individual trips in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. We use previously developed algorithms to determine driver types, such as using the car to commute or not. Calibrating an existing life cycle GHG model to a forecast, low-carbon grid for Ann Arbor, we find that the optimum range varies not only with the drive train architecture (plugin-hybrid versus battery-only) and charging technology (fast versus slow) but also with the driver type. Across the 108 scenarios we investigated, the range that yields lowest GHG varies from 65 km (55+ year old drivers, ultrafast charging, plugin-hybrid) to 158 km (16–34 year old drivers, overnight charging, battery-only). The optimum GHG reduction that electric cars offer – here conservatively measured versus gasoline-only hybrid cars – is fairly stable, between 29% (16–34 year old drivers, overnight charging, battery-only) and 46% (commuters, ultrafast charging, plugin-hybrid). The electrification of total distances is between 66% and 86%. However, if cars do not have the optimum range, these metrics drop substantially. We conclude that matching the range to drivers’ typical trip distances, charging technology, and drivetrain is a crucial pre-requisite for electric vehicles to achieve their highest potential to reduce GHG emissions in personal transportation.     

电动汽车充电桩安全管理研究

随着国家对环境保护和能源节约的重视以及新能源政策的实施,电动汽车行业迎来了快速发展。充电基础设施的建设,是加快电动汽车推广的重要需要。电动汽车充电基础设施建设和运营业务发展的机会也极大,随之而来的安全管理工作要求也越来越高。本文依据充电桩建设和运营的特点,剖析其中面临的安全风险,并提出加强安全管理工作的措施,为充电桩企业安全管理运营提供参考和借鉴。     

基于信息协同管理的高速公路项目BIM云平台架构及应用研究

在高速公路项目的项目管理过程中,传统的信息沟通和管理模式会导致工作重复率高,信息传递手段落后,管理效率低下等。本文基于信息协同管理的视角,通过梳理研究传统公路工程项目管理模式的弊端,利用BIM数字化建模和互联网数据库这类现代化信息技术,提出了基于BIM云平台的协同管理模式。根据管理需求搭建了BIM云平台的架构体系,目前已应用于中开高速公路项目建设管理中,切实的帮助项目公司提高了管理效率和管理质量,充分体现了BIM云平台的应用价值和实践效果。